It's very simple. Field symbols are directly point to memory. So, If we modified the data in the field symbols it will directly effect to the memory.
Syntax : FIELD-SYMBOLS :
Use ASSIGNIG statement to use field symbols.
Eg:
Declaration:
TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_itab,
A type N,
B type i,
C type i,
D type i,
END OF ty_itab.
FIELD-SYMBOLS : < wa > type ty_itab.
data : itab type standrad table of ty_itab.
now we can use this in the program.
Requirement is to calculate the value of d value from the itab table.
d = b + c.
LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING < wa >.
< wa >-d = < wa >-b + < wa >-c.
*Here no need to write modify statement. Beacuse < wa >is a field symbol and it is pointing to memory of itab. If you modified < wa >, It automatically effected to the internal table itab.
ENDLOOP.